Evaluation of smartphone usage as a predictor of social jetlag in university students

Background: Individual sleep and activity patterns show large variations are interfered considerably by social schedules. Social jetlag (SJL) is the difference between intrinsic circadian rhythm extrinsically enforced sleep-wake cycle. However, little known about variables affecting severity of SJL. Methodology: We evaluated whether sleep- or smartphone-related affected SJL among college students in India. A total 1175 from medicine, dental, engineering, paramedical, other colleges Gujarat, India, completed a web-based survey. The survey included demographic questions Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), reduced Horne Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), Munich Chronotype (MCTQ). responses to MCTQ determined scores. Results: Outcomes multiple linear regression analysis indicated that length on free-day (B = 0.42), chronotypes 0.44, B2 0.40) maximum smartphone usage time after waking up 0.92), addiction ‒0.01) onset range ‒0.02) significantly predicted scores (P < 0.03). was 0.42 0.40 units greater individuals with morning-type evening-type, respectively, compared neutral-type rMEQ category. 0.92 whose right those during times day. Every unit increase SAS score decreased 0.01 units. Conclusion: These results indicate several factors, which can be targeted for developing interventions reducing